A LOCAL BLOG SUPPORTING THE BRITISH DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIGENOUS BRITISH PEOPLE AND ESPECIALLY THE PEOPLE OF WIGAN AND LEIGH IN OUR FIGHT AGAINST FASCISM, THE TRAITORS IN PARLIAMENT AND FOR OUR BIRTHRIGHT. - "NO FOREIGN PRINCE, PERSON, PRELATE, STATE OR POTENTATE HATH, OR OUGHT TO HAVE, ANY JURISDICTION, POWER, SUPERIORITY, PRE-EMINENCE, OR AUTHORITY, ECCLESIASTICAL OR SPIRITUAL, WITHIN THIS REALM" (ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS 1689)
WHAT DO YOU EXPECT FROM THE LEFT WING, LABOUR SUPPORTING AND FAMILY HATING GUARDIAN ?
READ ON AND HAVE THE SICK BUCKET READY AS YOU READ HOW THE LEFT IS TRYING TO NORMALISE ALL AND ANY IMMORAL, PERVERTED AND DISGUSTING ACTS.
Jon Henley (A PAEDOPHILE ?)
The Guardian,
In 1976 the National Council for Civil Liberties, the respectable
(and responsible) pressure group now known as Liberty, made a submission
to parliament's criminal law revision committee. It caused barely a
ripple. "Childhood sexual experiences, willingly engaged in with an
adult," it read, "result in no identifiable damage … The real need is a change in the attitude which assumes that all cases of paedophilia result in lasting damage."
It is difficult today, after the public firestorm unleashed by revelations about Jimmy Savile
and the host of child abuse allegations they have triggered, to imagine
any mainstream group making anything like such a claim. But if it is
shocking to realise how dramatically attitudes to paedophilia have
changed in just three decades, it is even more surprising to discover
how little agreement there is even now among those who are considered
experts on the subject. A liberal professor of psychology who studied in the late 1970s will see things very differently from someone working in child protection,
or with convicted sex offenders. There is, astonishingly, not even a
full academic consensus on whether consensual paedophilic relations
necessarily cause harm. So what, then, do we know? A paedophile is someone who has a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children.
Savile appears to have been primarily an ephebophile, defined as
someone who has a similar preferential attraction to adolescents, though
there have been claims one of his victims was aged eight. But not
all paedophiles are child molesters, and vice versa: by no means every
paedophile acts on his impulses, and many people who sexually
abuse children are not exclusively or primarily sexually attracted to
them. In fact, "true" paedophiles are estimated by some experts to account for only 20% of sexual abusers.
Nor are paedophiles necessarily violent: no firm links have so far been
established between paedophilia and aggressive or psychotic symptoms. Psychologist Glenn Wilson,
co-author of The Child-Lovers: a Study of Paedophiles in Society,
argues that "The majority of paedophiles, however socially
inappropriate, seem to be gentle and rational." Legal definitions
of paedophilia, needless to say, have no truck with such niceties,
focusing on the offence, not the offender. The Sex Offenders Act 1997
defined paedophilia as a sexual relationship between an adult over 18
and a child below 16. There is much more we don't know, including
how many paedophiles there are: 1-2% of men is a widely accepted figure,
but Sarah Goode, a senior lecturer at the University of Winchester and
author of two major 2009 and 2011 sociological studies on paedophilia in
society, says the best current estimate – based on possibly flawed
science – is that "one in five of all adult men are, to some degree, capable of being sexually aroused by children". Even less is known about female paedophiles, thought to be responsible for maybe 5% of abuse against pre-pubescent children in the UK. Debate still rages, too, about the clinical definition of paedophilia. Down the years, the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
– "the psychiatrist's bible" – has variously classified it as a sexual
deviation, a sociopathic condition and a non-psychotic medical disorder.
And few agree about what causes it. Is paedophilia innate or acquired? Research at the sexual behaviours clinic of Canada's Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
suggests paedophiles' IQs are, on average, 10% lower than those of sex
offenders who had abused adults, and that paedophiles are significantly
less likely to be right-handed than the rest of the population,
suggesting a link to brain development. MRI scans reveal a possible
issue with paedophiles' "white matter": the signals connecting different
areas of the brain. Paedophiles may be wired differently. This is
radical stuff. But there is a growing conviction, notably in Canada,
that paedophilia should probably be classified as a distinct sexual
orientation, like heterosexuality or homosexuality. Two eminent researchers testified to that effect to a Canadian parliamentary commission last year, and the Harvard Mental Health Letter of July 2010 stated baldly that paedophilia "is a sexual orientation" and therefore "unlikely to change". Child
protection agencies and many who work with sex offenders dislike this.
"Broadly speaking, in the world of people who work with sex offenders
here, [paedophilia] is learned behaviour," says Donald Findlater, director of research and development at the Lucy Faithfull Foundation, a charity dedicated to preventing child sexual abuse, and, before it closed, manager of leading treatment centre the Wolvercote Clinic.
"There may be some vulnerabilities that could be genetic, but normally
there are some significant events in a person's life, a sexually abusive
event, a bullying environment … I believe it is learned, and can be
unlearned." Chris Wilson of Circles UK,
which helps released offenders, also rejects the idea that paedophilia
is a sexual orientation: "The roots of that desire for sex with a child
lie in dysfunctional psychological issues to do with power, control,
anger, emotional loneliness, isolation." If the complexity and
divergence of professional opinion may have helped create today's panic
around paedophilia, a media obsession with the subject has done more: a
sustained hue and cry exemplified by the News of the World's notorious
"name and shame" campaign in 2000, which brought mobs on to the streets to
demonstrate against the presence of shadowy monsters in their midst. As
a result, paranoia about the danger from solitary, predatory deviants
far outweighs the infinitely more real menace of abuse within the home
or extended circle. "The vast majority of sexual violence is committed
by people known to the victim," stresses Kieran Mccartan,
senior lecturer in criminology at the University of the West of
England. Only very rarely is the danger from the "stranger in the white
van", Mccartan says. The reclassification of paedophilia as a
sexual orientation would, however, play into what Goode calls "the
sexual liberation discourse", which has existed since the 1970s. "There
are a lot of people," she says, "who say: we outlawed homosexuality, and
we were wrong. Perhaps we're wrong about paedophilia." Social
perceptions do change. Child brides were once the norm; in the late 16th
century the age of consent in England was 10. More recently,
campaigning organisations of the 70s and 80s such as the Paedophile
Information Exchange (PIE) and Paedophile Action for Liberation were
active members of the NCCL when it made its parliamentary submission
questioning the lasting damage caused by consensual paedophilic
relations. Even now there is no academic consensus on that fundamental question – as Goode found. Some academics do not dispute the view of Tom O'Carroll, a former chairman of PIE and tireless paedophilia advocate with a conviction for distributing indecent photographs of children following a sting operation,
that society's outrage at paedophilic relationships is essentially
emotional, irrational, and not justified by science. "It is the quality
of the relationship that matters," O'Carroll insists. "If there's no
bullying, no coercion, no abuse of power, if the child enters into the
relationship voluntarily … the evidence shows there need be no harm." This is not, obviously, a widely held view. Mccartan uses O'Carroll's book Paedophilia: the Radical Case
in his teaching as "it shows how sex offenders justify themselves".
Findlater says the notion that a seven-year-old can make an informed
choice for consensual sex with an adult is "just preposterous. It is
adults exploiting children." Goode says simply: "Children are not
developmentally ready for adult sexuality," adding that it is "intrusive
behaviour that violates the child's emerging self-identity" and can be
similar in long-term impact to adults experiencing domestic violence
or torture. But not all experts are sure. A Dutch study published in 1987 found that a sample of boys in paedophilic relationships felt positively about them. And a major if still controversial 1998-2000 meta-study
suggests – as J Michael Bailey of Northwestern University, Chicago,
says – that such relationships, entered into voluntarily, are "nearly
uncorrelated with undesirable outcomes". Most people find that idea impossible. But writing last year in the peer-reviewed Archives of Sexual Behaviour,
Bailey said that while he also found the notion "disturbing", he was
forced to recognise that "persuasive evidence for the harmfulness of
paedophilic relationships does not yet exist". If that assertion
does nothing else, it underlines the need for more research on
paedophilia – something on which everyone in the field at least is
agreed. There is, too, broad consensus around the idea that the approach
to paedophilia must be about management and prevention: on stopping
potential offenders making that contact (or downloading that image). Initiatives such as Stop It Now!,
which Findlater runs, exemplify this: a telephone helpline offering
advice to people worried they may be having inappropriate sexual
impulses. A similar German programme, Prevention Project Dunkelfeld,
has as its slogan: "You are not guilty because of your sexual desire,
but you are responsible for your sexual behaviour. There is help." For
convicted abusers, Circles UK aims to prevent reoffending by forming
volunteer "circles of support and accountability" around recently
released offenders, reducing isolation and emotional loneliness and
providing practical help. In Canada, where it originated, it has cut
reoffending by 70%, and is yielding excellent results here too. The goal
of all treatment, Findlater says, is "people achieving a daily
motivation not to cause harm again. Our goal is self-management in the
future." For Goode, though, broader, societal change is needed.
"Adult sexual attraction to children is part of the continuum of human
sexuality; it's not something we can eliminate," she says. "If we can
talk about this rationally – acknowledge that yes, men do get sexually
attracted to children, but no, they don't have to act on it – we can
maybe avoid the hysteria. We won't label paedophiles monsters; it won't
be taboo to see and name what is happening in front of us." We can
help keep children safe, Goode argues, "by allowing paedophiles to be
ordinary members of society, with moral standards like everyone else",
and by "respecting and valuing those paedophiles who choose
self-restraint". Only then will men tempted to abuse children "be able
to be honest about their feelings, and perhaps find people around them
who could support them and challenge their behaviour before children get
harmed".
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